Quail: Which Breed Is Best For You?

Quail have quickly become a favorite for backyard keepers, homesteaders, and even pet owners—and it’s easy to see why. They’re small, relatively quiet, and can thrive in spaces where chickens simply can’t.

Coturnix:

If you’re looking for a practical, beginner-friendly quail, Coturnix are hard to beat. Brooding is super easy, and you’ll have eggs before you know it! They come in a wide range of colors and varieties, are easy to raise, and mature incredibly fast, often starting to lay eggs at just 6–8 weeks old.  They’re the most common quail for a good reason. Coturnix are hardy, less skittish than other breeds, and don’t require incubation tricks. If your goal is productivity, this is your bird. They are best for egg production and meat production, and are, hands down, the most beginner-friendly. 

Bobwhite:

Bobwhite Quail are flightier, leaner, and not nearly as domesticated as Coturnix. While they can be raised in captivity, they’re better suited for specific purposes instead of everyday backyard production. If you’re raising quail for sport, training, or conservation-style setups, Bobwhites are a great fit. Just know they require more space, more time, and more secure enclosures. They spook easily and can fly straight up when startled. They are best for dog training, hunting, release programs, and wildlife enthusiasts.

Button:

Button quail are all about companionship, not production. They are often kept indoors or in small aviaries and are popular with people who want a low-space pet bird. They’re quiet, take up very little room, and can be fun to watch. However, they don’t produce sufficient eggs or meat, so they’re not ideal for homesteading. Their little hard-boiled eggs make a great treat on your salads, though! They are best for pets, small spaces, and just for fun!

Common Wild Varieties:

Some quail species are commonly considered “wild,” including the California Quail and Gambel’s Quail. These birds are beautiful and very unique, but they’re not your typical backyard quail.  These species are usually kept for their appearance and natural behaviors rather than productivity. They often require permits (depending on your state), more specialized care, and larger, natural-style enclosures. Wild varieties of quail are best for experienced keepers, aviaries, and ornamental collectors.

Quail are incredibly versatile birds, but picking the right breed from the start can save you a lot of time, money, and frustration. Start with your wants and needs, match them to the breed, and you’ll be set up for success.