Managing Heat Stress in Meat Birds

Managing meat birds during high heat and humidity is a major challenge for both large and small-scale production. Meat birds struggle to regulate their body temperature, making them more vulnerable to heat stress, which can cause growth issues and mortality. Unlike mammals, poultry do not have sweat glands, so they manage body temperature by panting to lose excess heat. However, panting uses a lot of energy and can lead to dehydration. Let’s discuss some signs and effects of heat stress and how to keep your birds cool.

Heat Stress Signs

• Panting
• Elevated wings
• Reduced activity
• Seeking cooler areas
• Pale waddle or comb

Effects of Heat Stress

• Reduced feed intake
• Dehydration, which can lead to organ failure 
• Sudden death due to heatstroke; survivors may have stunted growth
• Poor meat quality as energy is converted to fat rather than muscle 
• Increased stress leading to pecking and cannibalism

Keeping Your Birds Cool

• Increase cross ventilation with fans to keep air moving.
• Provide fresh, cool, and clean water at all times
• Supplement water with electrolytes and vitamins 
• Allow adequate space; it is recommended to have at least 1 square foot per bird 
• Feed early morning and late evening to encourage eating when it is cooler
• In extreme heat, lightly spritz birds with cool water(not cold)

To minimize losses and maintain health, frequently check on the birds during hot weather, especially when the temperatures rise above 75° Fahrenheit. Birds will eat less to reduce heat production, which can slow down growth and result in a poor feed conversion rate. Recognizing the signs of heat stress and implementing preventative measures will ensure the success of your operation and a quality product.